Scratching is a normal part of your cat's behaviour and allows them to mark their territory and let other cats know who's around.

A scratching post that's sturdy and covered in either carpet or hessian is ideal. Some cats like a horizontal surface like the doormat, others a vertical surface. They like to shred the fabric so don't throw it out if it looks a mess, that's when cats like their scratching post best!

Place the post near the usual exit or where they might have already started scratching. If you want to discourage your cat from scratching somewhere cover the area with plastic sheeting or foil. 

Not all cats hunt, but those that do tend to hunt specific creatures. If your cat is a hunter you can use a collar and bell, although these may not be effective. You could allow your cat into the backyard but confined to a cattery or enclosure. Make sure your cat is inside between dusk and dawn to reduce their success.

In sensitive areas where there is a lot of wildlife, it would be worthwhile considering a cat enclosure or getting your cat adjusted to indoor living.